BIBLIOGRAPHY

Abbott, K.E.
1983 Cities and Trade:Consul Abbott on the Economy and Society of Iran:1847-1866.
Edited with an Introduction by A. Amanat. London: Ithaca Press.

Abrahimian, Ervand
1982 Iran between Two Revolutions. Princeton: Princeton Univ. Press.

Abu-Lughod, Lila
1986 Veiled Sentiments. Honor and Poetry in a Bedouin Society. Berkeley: Univ. of California Press

Adamiyat, Feridun
1981 Shuresh bar Emtiyazname-ye Regi: Tahli-e Siyasi (Rebellion against Regie Concession: Political Analysis).
Tehran: Payam.

Adamiyat, Mohammad Hosain Roknzadeh
1970 Fars va Jang-e Binolmellal-e Aval ( Fars and the First World War). Tehran: Eqbal Publications. (third print)

Afshar, Iraj
1983 Konyeh, Laqab' (va) Nesbat-e Ashayer va Zekr-e Anha dar Moton-e Farsi (Title, Surname, and Genealogy of Tribes/Nomads and Their Mentioning in Persian Texts). In Ilat va Ashayer (Tribes and Nomads). Tehran: Agah:241-245.

Ahmed, Akbar S.
1980 Pukhtun Economy and Society: Traditional Structure and Economic Development in a Tribal Society.
London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.

Algar, Hamid
1969 Religion and State in Iran, 1785-1906. The Role of the Ulama in the Qajar Period. Berekely: Univ. of California Press.

Amanat, A.
1983 Introduction. In Abbot, 1983.

Anderson, Benedict
1983 Imagined Communities: Reflection on the Origins and Spread of Nationalism.Verso: London. (Revised Ed. 1991)

Ayatullahi, Seyyed Mohammad Taqi
1984 Velayat-e Faqih Zirbana-ye Fekri-e Mashroteh-e Mashroa'. Tehran:Amir ` Kabir Publications. (second print)

Babaie, Sussan , Kathryn Babayan, Ina Baghdiantz-McCabe, and Mussumeh Farhad
2004 Slaves of the Shah: New Elites of the Safavid Iran. London: I.B. Tauris

Bakhash, Shaul
1984 The Reign of the Ayatollahs: Iran and the Islamic Revolution. New York: Basic Books.

Banani, Amin
1978 Reflections on the Social and Economic Structure of Safavid Persia at Its Zenith. Iranian Studies XI 8-116.

Barth, Fredrik
1961 Nomads of South Persia: the Basseri Tribe of the Khamseh Confederacy. Oslo: Uniersitetsvorlaget.
1965 Political Leadership among Swat Pathans.[1959]
London Schol of Economics Monogrphs on Social Anthropology No. 19. London: Athlone Press.

Bastani Parisi, (ed., Introduction and Notes)
1985 Peyqambar-e Dozdan, Mohit-e Ajtema'i va Asar-e Oo (The Prophet of the Robbers, His Social Social Conditions and Works). 9th editon. Tehran: Negah Publications.

Bavar, Mahmoud
1945 Kohgiluyeh va Ilat-e An (Kohgiluyeh and its Tribes). Tehran: Chap. Co.

Bayat, Kaveh
1985 Shoresh-e A'shayeri-e Fars:Salhayeh 1307-1309. (The Tribal Revolt of Fars:A.H.S. 1307-1309).
Tehran:Noqreh Printing Co.

Bayat, Mangol
1982 Mysticism and Dissent. Socioreligious Thought in Qajar Iran. Syracus: Syracus Univ. Press.
1991 Iran's First Revolution: Shi'ism and the Constitutional Revolution of 1905-1909. New York: oxford University Press.

Bausani, Alessandro
The Persians. From the Earliest Days to the Twentieth Century. Translated from the Italian by J.B. Donne. London:Elek Books.

Beck, Lois
1980 Herdownerd and Hired Shepherds:The Qashqa'i of Iran. Ethnology 19 (3):327-51.
1981 Economic Transformations among Qashqa'i Nomads:1962-78. In Dialectics of Continuity and Change, edited by M. Bonine and N. Keddie. Albany: State Univ. of New York Press.
1986 The Qashqa'i of Iran. New Haven: Yale University Press.

Bell, Catherine
1992 Ritual Theory Ritual Practice. New York: Oxford Univ. Press.

Bill, James
1975 The Patterns of Elite politics in Iran. In Political Elites in the Middle East, edited by G. Lenczowski. Washington D.C.: American Enterprise Institute.

Bharier, j.
1977
1968 A note on the population of Iran, 1900–1966, Population Studies, XXII: 2.

Bourdieu, P.
1977 Outline of a Tehory of Practice. Cambridege: Cambridge Univ. Press.

Bradburd, Daniel
1984a Ritual and Southwest Asian Pastoralists: Implications of the Komachi Case.
Journal of Anthropological Research 40:380-393.
1984b The Rules and the Game:The Practice of Komachi Marriage. American Ethnologist 11(4):738-53.
1989 Producing Their Fates: Why Poor Basseri Settled but Poor Komach and Yamut Did Not. American Ethnologist 16(3):502-17.
1990 Ambigious Relations:Kin, Class, and Conflict among Komachi Pastoralists. Washington:Smithsonian Institution Press.

Brooks, David
1983 The Enemy Within: Limitations of Leadership in he Bakhtiari. In Tapper 3b:337-363.

Busse, H. (trans.)
1972 History of Persia under Qajar Rule. New York: Columbia Univ. Press.

Caton, Steven C.
1990 Peaks of Yemen I Summon. Poetry as Cultural Practice in a North Yemeni Tribe. Berkely: Univ. of California Press.

Cole, Donald
1975 Nomads of the Nomads. The Al Murrah Bedouin of the Empty Quarter. Chicago: Aldine.

Combs-Schilling, Elain M.
1985 Family and friend in a Moroccan Boom Town: The Segmentary Debate Reconsidered.
American Ethnologist 12:659-675.

Curzon, Lord George Nathaniel
1892 Persia and the Persian Question. 2Vol. Oxford: Clarendon.

Digard, Jean-Pierre
1983 On the Bakhtiari: Comments on 'Tribes, Confederation and the State.' In Tapper 1983b:331-336.

Dresch, Paul
1986 The Significance of the Course Events Take in Segmentary Systems. American Ethnologist 13:309-324.

Eickelman, Dale F.
1976 Moroccan Islam: Tradition and Society in a Pilgrimage Center. Austin: Univ. of Texas Press
1981 The Middle East: An Anthropological Approach. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.

E'temad os-saltaneh, Mohammad Hasan Khan
1969 Khalseh (Hallucination). Tehran: Tahori Publications.

Evans-Pritchard, E.E
1940a The Neur. Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press.
1940b The Political Structures of the Nandi Speaking Peoples of Kenya. Africa 13:250-267.
The Sanusi of Cyrenaica. Oxford:Clarendon Press.

Farashbandi, Alimorad
1980 Tarikhcheh-e Hezb-e Demokrat-e Fars (A Short History of the Democrat Party of Fars).
Theran: Islamic Publications.

Fasa'i, Hasan
1895-96a Farsnameh-ye Naseri. Vol. 1.
1895-96b Farsnameh-ye Naseri. Vol. 2.

Fazel, Reza
1979 The Economic Bases of Political Leadership among Pastoral Nomads: The Boyer Ahamd Tribe in Iran. In M.B. Leons and F. Rothstein (eds), New Directions in Political Economy: An Approach from Anthropology.
Westport: Greenwood Press, pp.33-49.

Fried, Morton
1975 The Notion of Tribe. Menlo Park, CA: Cummings.

Garthwaite, G.R.
1978 Pastoral Nomadism and Tribal Power. Iranian Studies XI:173:197.
1981 Khans and Kings: The dialectics of Power in Bakhtiyari History.
In Dialectics of Continuity and Change, edited by M. Bonine and N. Keddie. Albany:State univ. of New York Press.
1983a Khans and Shahs. A Documentary Analysis of the Bakhtiari in Iran. New York: Cambridge University Press.
1983b Tribes, Confederation and the State: A Historical Overview of the Bakhtiari and Iran. In Tapper 1983b:314-336.

Geertz, Clifford
1979a Suq: The Bazaar Economy in Sefrou.
In Meaning and Order in Moroccan Society. Clifford Geertz, Hildred Geertz and Lawrence Rosen, eds. Pp. 123-313.
New York: Cambridege Univ. Press.
1979b The Meaning of Kinship ties. In Meaning and Order in Moroccan society.
1983 Centers, Kings and Charisma: Reflections on the Symbolics of Power.
In Local Knowledge: Further Essays in Interpretive Anthropoloy, Pp. 121-146. New York: Basic Books.

Gellner, Ernest
1969 Saints of the Atlas. Chicago: Univ. of Chicago Press.

Gilbar, G.
1976 Demographic Developments in Late Qajar Persia:1870-1906. Asian and African Studies II(2):125-56.
1978 Persian Agriculture in the Late Qajar Period. Asian and African Studies 12(3):312-65.
1979 The Persian Economy in the Mid-19th Century. Die Welt des Islam XIX:177-211.

Ghods, Reza M.
1989 Iran in the Twentieth Century: A Political History. Boulder: Lynne Reinner Publishers. Godelier, Maurice
1977 The Concept of the 'Tribe': A Crisis Involving Mererly a Concept or the Empirical Foundations of Anthropology Itself? In Perspectives in Marxist Anthropology. New York: Cambridge Univ. Press.

Goldschmidt, W.
1971 Independence as an element in pastoral Pastoral Social Systems. Anthropological Quarterly 3:132-142.

Hairi, Abdul-Hadi
1977 Shi'ism and Constitutionalism in Iran. Leiden: E.J. Brill.

Hart, David M.
1970 Clan, Lineage, local Community and the Feud in a Rifian Tribe ( Aith Waryaghar, Morocco).
In Peoples and Cultures of the Middle East, Vol.2. Louise Sweet, ed. Pp. 3-75. Garden City,NY:The Natural History Press.
1976 The Aith Waryaghar of the Moroccan Rif: An Ethnography and History. Tucson: Univ. of Arizona Press.

Helfgott, Leonard M.
1977 Tribalsim as a socio-Economic Formation in Iranian History. Iranian Studies 10(1-2):36- 61.

Helm, June, ed.
1968 Essays on the Problem of Tribe.
Proceedings of the 1967 Annual Meetings of the American Ethnological Society. Seattle: Univ. of Washington Press.

Hobsbawm, E.J.
1959 Primitive Rebels. Studies in Archaic Forms of Social Movement in the 19th and 20th Centuries.
New York:W.W. Norton & Co.

Holy, Ladislav, ed.
1979 Segemntary Lineage Systems Reconsidered.
The Queen's University Papers in Social Anthropology, Vol.4. Belfast: The Queen's University of Belfast

Hooglund, Eric
1982 Land and Revolution in Iran: 1960-1980. Austin: Univ. of Texas Press.

Irons, W.
1975 The Yomut Turkmen: A Study of Social Organization among a Central Asian Turkic- Speaking Population. Ann Arborr: Univ. of Michigan Museum of Anthropology.

Issawi, Charles
1971 The Economic History of Iran 1800-1914. Chicago: Chicago Univ. Press.

Ivanov, M.
1973 “Babism” and “Babi Uprising.” In The Great Soviet Encyclopedia.

New York; McMillan.
1977 Tarikh-e Novin-e Iran (History of Modern Iran) Tehran: H.T. I. Publications.

Karp, Ivan, and Kent Maynard
1983 Reading the Nuer. Current Anthropology 14:481-492.

Katouzian, M. A. H.
1981 The Political Economy of Modern Iran. New York: New York Univ. Press.

Kazemi, Farhad and Ervand Abrahamian
1978 The Nonrevolutionary Peasantry of Modern Iran. Iranian Studies XI:259-304.
1991 Peasant Uprisings in Twentieth-Century Iran, Iraq and Turkey. In Kazemi and Waterbury (eds) 1991.

Kazemi, Farhad and John Waterbury (eds)
1991 Peasants and Politics in the Modern Middle East. Miami: Florida International Univ. Press.

Kazemzadeh, Firuz
1968 Russia and Britain in Persia, 1864-1914: A Study in Imperialism. New Haven: Yale Univ. Press.

Keddi, Nikki R.
1966 Religion and Rebellion in Iran: The Tobacco Protest of 1891-1892. London: Frank Case & Co.
1972a Stratification, Social Control, and Capitalism in Iranian Agriculture Before and After Land Reform. In R. Antoun and I. Harik, eds., Rural Politics and Social Change in the Middle East. Bloomington: Univ. of Indiana Press. Pp. ?
1972b The Economic History of Iran,1800-1914, and Its Political Impact: An Overview. Iranian Studies V:58-78.
1978 Class Structure and Political Power in Iran Since 1796. Iranian Studies XI: 305-330.

Lambton, A.K.S.
1953 Landlord and Peasant in Persia. London: Oxford Univ. Press.
1960 Ilat. The Encyclopedia of Islam. 2nd ed. Vol. 3. Leiden:E.J.Brill.Pp.1095-1110.
1965 The Tobacco Regie: Prelude to Revolution. Studia Islamica. Vol.23.
1977 The Tribal Resurgence and the Decline of Bureaucracy in the Eighteenth Century. In Studies in Eighteenth Century Islamic History. Thomas Naff and Roger Owen (eds.) Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press.

Leach, E.R.
1964 Political Systems of Highland Burma. (1954) Boston: Beacon Press.

Loeffler, Reinhold
1978 Tribal Order and the State: The Political Organization of Boir Ahmad. Iranian studies XI: 145-171.

Lindholm, Charles
1982 Generosity and Jealousy: The Swat Pukhtun of Northern Pakistan. New York: Columbia Univ. Press.

Martin, Vanessa
1989 Islam and Modernism: The Iranian Revolution of 1906. London: I.B. Tauris.

Meredith, Colin
1971 Early Qajar Administration: An Analysis of Its Development and Functions. Iranian Studies, IV:59-84.

McDaniel, Robert
1971 Economic Change and Economic Resiliency in 19th Century Persia. Iranian Studies IV:36-49.

Munson, Henry, Jr.
1981 The Mountain People of Morocco: Tribesmen or Peasants?
Middle Eastern Studies 17:249-255.
1989a The Segmentary lineage Model in the Jbalan Highlands of Morocco.
In Tribe and State in Northwest Africa: Essays in Honor of David M. Hart. George Joffe and C. R. Pennel, eds.
Cambridege: Middle East and North African Studies Press.
1989b On the Irrelevance of the Segmentary Lineage Model in the Moroccand Rif. American Anthropologist 91:386-400.

Nateg, Homa
1988 Iran dar Rahyabi-e Farhangi.( Iran in Cultural Path-Finding). London: Payam Publication Center

Nashat, Guity
1982 The Origins of Modern Reform in Iran, 1870-80. Urbana: University of Illinois Press.

Noshirvani, V.F.
1981 The Beginnings of Commercialized Agriculture in Iran.
In The Islamic Middle East: 700-1900. A.L. Udovitch (ed) Princeton: Darwin Press.

Oberling, Pierre
1974 The Qashqa'i Nomads of Fars. The Hague:Mouton.

Ottenberg, Simon
1989 Boyhood Rituals in an African Society: an Interpretation. Seattle: Univer. of Washington Press.

Parham, Sirus
1983 Il-e Qashqa'i Kei va az Koja beh Fars Amadeh Ast? (When and from Where Did the Qashqai Tribe Come to Fars?).
In Ilat va Ashayer (Tribes and Nomads). Tehran: Agah:246-265.

Pehrson, Robert
1966 The Social Organization of the Marri Baluch. (F. Barth, commp.) Chicago: Aldine.

Perry, John R.
1975 Forced Migration in Iran during the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries. Iranian Studies 8(4):199-215.
1979 Karim Khan Zand; A History of Iran, 1744-1779. Chicago:The University of Chicago Press.

Peters, Emrys L.
1967 Some Structural Aspects of the Feud among the Camel-herding Bedouin of Cyrenaica. Africa 37:261-282.
1976 From Particularism to Universalism in the Religion of the Cyrenaica Bedouin.
Bulletin of the British Society for Middle East Studies. III, 5-14.

Reid, James J.
1978 The Qajar Uymaq in the Safavid Period,
1500-1722. Iranian Studies XI: 117-143.
1983 Triballism and society in Islamic Iran: 1500-1629. Malibu, CA:Udena.

Ricks, Thomas M.
1973 Toward a Social and Economic History of Eighteenth-Century Iran. Iranian Studies VI:110-126.

Rosen, Lawrence
1979 Social Identity and Points of Attachment: Approaches to Social Organization. In Meaning and Order in Morrocan Society. C.Geertz., H.Geertz, and Rosen (eds.) Cambridge: Cambridege Univ. Press.
1984 Bargaining for Reality: The Construction of Soical Relations in a Muslim Community. Princeton: Princeton Univ. Press.

Rostam ol-Hokama, Mohammad Hashem Asef
1969 Rostam et-Tavarikh. (edited by Mohammad Moshiri) Tehran.

Royce, William
1981 The Shirazi Provincial Elite: Status Maintenance and Change.
In Dialectics of Continuity and Change, edited by M. Bonine and N. Keddie. Albany: State Univ. of New York Press.

Safiri, Floreeda
1976 The South Persian Rifles. Ph.D. dissertation. University of Edinburgh.

Sa'idi Sirjani
1983 Vaqay'-e Etefaqiyeh: Majmoe-e Gozareshha-ye Khofiyeh Nevisan-e Ingelis dar Velayat-e Jonobi-e Iran az Sal-e 1291 ta 1322 Qamari (Important Events: Collection of the Reports of British Secret Reporters in Southern Iran A.H. 1291-1322). Tehran: Novin Publications. (Edited with an Introduction)

Salzman, Philip Carl
1978 Does Complementary Opposition Exist? American Anthropologist 80:53-70.

Savory, Roger
1980 Iran Under the Safavids. Cambridge. Cambridge Univ. Press.

Schulze-Holthus, Berthold
1954 Daybreak in Iran, A Story of the German Intelligence Service. Translated by Mervyn Savill. London:Staples Press.

Seddon, David
1981 Moroccan Peasant: A Century of Change in the Eastern Rif, 1870-1970. Folkestone; Dawson.

Sepehr, Movarekh ed-Doleh
1956 Iran dar Jang-e Bozorg ( Iran in the Great War). Tehran: Bank-e Melli Publications.

Shahbazi, Abdullah
1987 Il-e Nashenakhteh: Pazhoheshi dar Kohneshinan-e Sorkhi-e Fars (The Unknown Tribe:A Study of the Sorkhi Mountain-Dwellers of Fars). Tehran: Nei Publications.

Sheikholeslami, A. Reza
1971 The Sale of Offices in Qajar Iran, 1855-1896. Iranian Studies IV:104-118.
1977 The Patrimonial structure of the Iranian Bureaucracy in the Late Nineteenth Century. Iranian Studies XI:199-258.

Southhall, Aidan
1988 The Segmentary State in Africa and Asia. Comparative Studies in Society and History. 30 (1):52-82.

Spooner, B.
1973 The Cultural Ecology of Pastoral Nomads.
Addison-Wesley Module in Anthropology No.45. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.

Sykes, Sir Percy Molesworth
1930 A History of Persia. Third Ed., Vol. 2. London:Longmans and Co.

Tapper, Richard
1979a Pasture and Politics. Economics, Conflict and Ritual among Shahsevan Nomads of Northwestern Iran.
London: Academic Press.
1979b The Organization of Nomadic Communities in Pastoral Societies of the Middle East.
In Equip Ecologie et Anthropology des Societes Pastorales (ed), Pastoral Production and Society.
Cambridege: Cambridge Univ. Press (43-65).
1979c Individuated Grazing Rights and Social Organioazation among the Shahsevan Nomads of Azerbaijan.
In Equip Ecologie et Anthropology des Societes Pastorales (ed), Pastoral Production and Society.
Cambridege: Cambridge Univ. Press (95-114).
1983a Introduction. In Tapper 1983b: 1-82.
1983b The Conflict of tribe and State in Iran and Afghanistan. London: Croom Helm.
1986 Raiding, Reaction and Rivalry: Shahsevan Tribes in the Constitutional Period.
Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies. Univ. of London, XLIX (3):508-531.

Turner, Victor
1957 Schism and Continuity in an African Society: A Study of Ndembu Village Life.
Manchester, England: Manchester University Press.
1967 The Forest of Symbols: Aspects of Ndembu Ritual. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
1968 The drums of affliction: a study of religious processes among the Ndembu of Zambia. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
1969 The ritual process: structure and anti-structure. Chicago: Aldine Publishing Co.
1974 Dramas, Fields, and Metaphors: Symbolic Action in Humand Society. Ithaca: Cornell Univ. Press.
1975 Revelation and divination in Ndembu ritual. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
1977 Variations of the theme of liminality. In Secular ritual. Ed. S. Moore & B. Myerhoff. Assen: Van Gorcum, 36-52.
1978 Image and pilgrimage in Christian culture: Anthropological perspectives. New York: Columbia University Press.
1982 From Ritual to Theater: The Human Seriousness of Play. New York: Performing Arts Journal Publications.
1985 On the edge of the bush: Anthropology as experience. Tucson, AZ: University of Arizona Press.

van Bruinessen, Martin
1978 Aqa, Sheikh and State: On the Social and Political Organization of Kurdistan.
Ph.D. dissertation, Utrecht Univ., Netherlands.
1983 Kurdish Tribes and the State of Iran: The Case of Simko's Revolt. In Tapper 1983b: 364-400.

Woods,
1976 The Aqquyunllu: Clan, Confederation, Empire. Minneapolis: Bibliotheca Islamica.

Wright, Denis
1977 The English Amongst the Persians During the Qajar Period 1787-1921. London:Heinemann.

Zubaida, Sami
1989 Islam, the People and the State. London: Routledge.